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1 目的
DICOM針對非影像資訊訂定了DICOM
SR(Structure Report),寄望處理醫學影像報告。但在實務上,一份電子病歷的來源,並非僅有單純的DICOM資料,也有可能來自檢驗資訊系統的檢驗報告。若醫院要推動全面無片化、無紙化的目標,結果在報告部分卻需維護不同的格式,對整體發展上會造成困擾。
環顧世界各國,許多國家已經採用CDA R2作為電子病歷的基礎標準。因此,對於DICOM SR與CDA R2的整合,就變得很重要了。所幸,這方面的問題也被解決了。
將DICOM SR(Structure Report)轉換成HL7 CDA R2的表達方式,其主要目的就是讓影像資訊能以如檢驗報告方式來攜帶,使得影像資訊系統與臨床資訊系統得以交換資訊。圖 1之架構模式,經由這樣的轉碼機制,能確保任何臨床資訊系統或者是電子病歷系統都能夠順利的讀取醫學影像報告。
2 DICOM SR文件結構
DICOM SR文件主要分檔頭與本文兩大部分,請參考圖 2。檔頭所包含的資訊有病患、一般檢驗等。表 1所列為檔頭所涵蓋的物件模組內容以及原版文件參考目錄。
2.1 檔頭說明
DICOM SR檔頭所包含的模組有Patient
Module、Specimen Identification Module、Clinical Trial Subject Module、General Study Module、Patient Study
Module、Clinical Trial Study Module、SR Document Series Module、Clinical Trial Series Module、General Equipment Module、SR Document
General Module、SR Document Content Module、SOP Common Module等數項。
- Patient Module:定義與此次診斷檢查有關的病患資料。其內容是與本次影像解釋的診斷所需欄位與一般性的欄位。
- Specimen Identification Module:用來規範的欄位是用來定義檢體之用。
- Clinical Trial Subject Module:所涵蓋的欄位是用來定義當病患被當作臨床試驗主體時。
- General Study Module:所規範的欄位是用來描述與定義此病患執行測試之結果。
- Patient Study Module:所定義的欄位是提供關於在某次執行測試結果之資訊。
- Clinical Trial Study Module:包含的屬性是定義於某次臨床試驗的測試內容。
- SR Document Series Module:定義SR文件序列的屬性。
- Clinical Trial Series Module:所包含的屬性是用來定義臨床試驗序列之內容。
- General Equipment Module:所規範的欄位是用來定義與描述設備產生系列內容的片段資訊。
- SR Document General Module:用來定義SR文件案例的一般性屬性。此些屬性定義了SR文件並提供整份文件內容。
- SR Document Content Module:用以傳遞SR文件容的屬性。
- SOP Common Module:此模組的屬性是用以規範根內容項目與其內容樹。
IE
|
Module
|
Reference
|
Usage
|
Patient
|
Patient
|
C.7.1.1
|
M
|
Specimen Identification
|
C.7.1.2
|
C
- Required if the Observation Subject is a Specimen
|
|
Clinical Trial Subject
|
C.7.1.3
|
U
|
|
Study
|
General Study
|
C.7.2.1
|
M
|
Patient Study
|
C.7.2.2
|
U
|
|
Clinical Trial Study
|
C.7.2.3
|
U
|
|
Series
|
SR Document Series
|
C.17.1
|
M
|
Clinical Trial Series
|
C.7.3.2
|
U
|
|
Equipment
|
General Equipment
|
C.7.5.1
|
M
|
Document
|
SR Document General
|
C.17.2
|
M
|
SR Document Content
|
C.17.3
|
M
|
|
SOP Common
|
C.12.1
|
M
|
2.2 本文說明
圖 3是DICOM SR的BODY結構的範本。每一部分規範所需攜帶的資料內容。
3 DICOM SR與CDA R2之轉碼
HL7於2007年7月8日第一次釋出【Implementation Guide for CDA Release 2 – Diagnostic Imaging Report】進行投票;2008年9月進行第二次投票。詳細的轉碼內容,請參考<附件>。
簡略的對應原則,請參考表 2。
SR Header (SR Document General Module)
|
SR Template
|
CDA
Attribute
|
Verifying
Observer Name (0040,A075) of Verifying
Observer Sequence (0040,A073)
|
n.a.
|
/ClinicalDocument/legalAuthenticator/
AssignedEntity/Person/name
|
Verifying
Organization (0040,A027) of Verifying
Observer Sequence (0040,A073)
|
n.a.
|
/ClinicalDocument/legalAuthenticator/
AssignedEntity/Organization/name
|
Verification
DateTime (0040,A030) of Verifying Observer
Sequence (0040,A073)
|
n.a.
|
/ClinicalDocument/legalAuthenticator/time
|
Verifying Observer Identification Code
Sequence (0040,A088) of Verifying Observer
Sequence (0040,A073)
|
n.a.
|
/ClinicalDocument/legalAuthenticator/AssignedEntity/id
and /ClinicalDocument/legalAuthenticator/AssignedEntity/code
|
Content
Date (0008,0023), Content Time (0008,0033)
|
n.a.
|
/author/time
|
Person Name (0040,A123) of Author Observer Sequence
(0040,A078)
|
Person Observer Name
(TID 1003)
|
/author/AssignedAuthor/Person/name
|
Content
Date (0008,0023), Content Time (0008,0033)
|
n.a.
|
/author/time
|
n.a.
|
Device Observer UID [HK1] (TID 1004)
|
/author/AssignedAuthor/id
|
Study Instance UID ((0020,000D)
|
n.a.
|
/ServiceEvent/id
|
Requested Procedure ID (0040,1001) of
the Referenced Request Sequence (0040,A370)
|
n.a.
|
/ServiceEvent/id
|
Placer Order Number/Imaging Service Request
(0040,2016)
|
Procedure HL7 Placer Number of Evidence
(TID 1005)
|
/Order/id
|
Filler Order Number/Imaging Service Request
(0040,2017)
|
Procedure HL7 Filler Number of Evidence
(TID 1005)
|
/Order/id
|
Accession Number (0008,0050)
|
Procedure Accession Number (TID 1005)
|
/Order/id
|
Procedure
Code Sequence (0008,1032)
|
Procedure Code (TID 1005)
|
/ServiceEvent/code
|
Procedure
Code Sequence (0008,1032)
|
Procedure Code (TID 1005)
|
/Act/code xor /Procedure/code
|
Patient ID (0010,0020)
|
Subject ID (Template 1007)
|
/recordTarget/PatientRole/id
|
Patient’s Name (0010,0010)
|
Subject Name (Template 1007)
|
/recordTarget/PatientRole/Patient/name
|
Patient’s Sex (0010,0040)
|
Subject Sex ID (Template 1007)
|
/recordTarget/PatientRole/Patient/
administrativeGenderCode
|
Patient’s Birth Date (0010,0030)
|
Subject Birth Date
(Template 1007)
|
/recordTarget/PatientRole/Patient/
birthTime
|
n.a.
|
Subject ID xor Fetus ID (Template 1008)
|
/subject/relatedSubject/SubjectPerson/name
|
n.a.
|
Basic Diagnostic Imaging Report Document
Titles (TID 2000)
|
/ClinicalDocument/code
|
Content
Date (0008,0023) and Content Time ((0008,0033)
|
n.a.
|
/ClinicalDocument/effectiveTime
|
SOP
Instance UID (0008,0018)
|
n.a.
|
/relatedDocument/ParentDocument/id
|
n.a.
|
Basic Diagnostic Imaging Report Document
Titles (TID 2000)
|
/relatedDocument/ParentDocument/code
|
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